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Strengthening transboundary river basin institutions: a comparative learning from basin institutions in Africa, Europe and Southeast Asia

CHARLES HANS KOMAKECH, FRANK G.W. JASPERS & PIETER VAN DER ZAAG

UNESCO-IHE, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, The Netherlands

komak1@unesco-org

Abstract This paper presents the results of a study carried out to identify key attributes of effective transboundary river basin institutions. Through a comprehensive literature review and a comparative assessment of five basin institutions from Southeast Asia (Mekong), Europe (Rhine) and Africa (Nile, Senegal and Incomati), generic attributes of effective river basin institutions were identified. From the study, it became apparent that an effective river basin institution develops through experimentation and innovation. Riparian governments would need to: form joint management institutions based on a shared vision for the future; align and harmonize national as well as regional policies and legislation; develop appropriate institutional capacity at the national and local level; set clear mechanisms for conflict prevention and resolution; and develop appropriate mechanisms for joint data sharing, monitoring and information management. However, for each international basin, the optimal modes will depend on a mix of these factors, as well as basin cultures. Finally, moving toward regional integration may provide a window of opportunity to overcome some of the challenges of joint management institutions.

Key words conflict; institutions; policy; regional integration; river basin; water resources management