IAHS Benchmark Papers in Hydrology Series

Series Editor Jeffrey J. McDonnell

• FOREST HYDROLOGY
   
  Selection, Introduction and Commentary by David R. DeWalle

  Forest hydrology emphasizes the influence of forests and their management on the regimen, quantity and quality of water in the environment. David R. DeWalle marks the important milestones in forest hydrology research with 29 benchmark papers, and provides the context in his commentaries.

  Foundations of Forest Hydrology includes the early review by Zon (1927) and the Wagon Wheel Gap paired watershed study (Bates & Henry, 1928). Forest Practices and Water Yields and Timing looks at the impacts of management on flows, with contributions by Hoover (1944) and Hewlett & Helvey (1970). Understanding and quantifying forest snow cover processes is represented by three papers in Forest Practices and Snow, including the early study by Wilm & Dunford (1948), while Forest Evapotranspiration considers the seminal developments in the direct measurement and estimation of losses from trees. Kittredge’s (1948) review is included in Hydrological Processes and Forests, which covers interception losses, soil moisture, hydraulic lift and precipitation from fog. The shift in focus from water quantity to quality is reflected in Forests and Water Quality. Finally, Forest Practices and Erosion considers the processes of sediment generation and consequent stream sediment loads associated with logging roads and forest harvesting

  An excellent resource for graduate and post-graduate level courses in forestry and hydrology, reproducing many important papers which are otherwise difficult to access.

  David R. DeWalle is now Professor Emeritus at the School of Forest Resources, Penn State University, USA, after almost 40 years as Professor there and Director of the Pennsylvania State Water Resources Centre. He is past-president and Fellow of the American Water Resources Association.

  Jeff McDonnell is Series Editor of the IAHS Benchmark Papers in Hydrology Series, Professor and Chair in Watershed Science at Oregon State University, USA, a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, and recipient of several awards including the European Geophysical Union Dalton Medal.

  IAHS BM7 ISBN 978-1-907161-17-9 (2011) A4 format, hardback, 474+x pp., £65.00, incl. postage

  The IAHS Benchmark Series is sponsored by

Contents

Introduction

 
1. Foundations of Forest Hydrology
    
   • Paper A1 Zon, R. (1927) Forests and Water in the Light of Scientific Investigation. 7 US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA. 106 p. Excerpts: pages 1–3, 9–43, 60–69.
   • Paper A2 Bates, C. G. & Henry, A. J. (1928) Forest and Stream-flow Experiment at Wagon Wheel Gap, Colorado. Final report on completion of the second phase of the experiment. Monthly Weather Review, Supplement no. 30, US Dept Agriculture, 79 p. Excerpts: pages 1–10 and 38–65.
   • Paper A3 Wilm, H. G. (1949) How long should experimental watersheds be calibrated? Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 30(2), 272–278.
   • Paper A4 Hewlett, J. D., Lull, H. W. & Reinhart, K. G. (1969) In defense of experimental watersheds. Water Resources Research 5(1), 306–316.
   
    
2. Forest Practices and Water Yields and Timing
    
   • Paper B5 Hoover, M. D. (1944) Effect of removal of forest vegetation upon water-yields. Transactions American Geophysical Union 25, 969–975.
   • Paper B6 Eschner, A. R. & Satterlund, D. R. (1966) Forest protection and streamflow from an Adirondack watershed. Water Resources Research 2(4), 765–783
   • Paper B7 Hewlett, J. D. & Helvey, J. D. (1970) Effects of forest clear-felling on the storm hydrograph. Water Resources Research 6(3), 768–782.
   • Paper B8 Rothacher, J. (1973) Does harvest in west slope Douglas-fir increase peak flow in small forest streams? USDA Forest Service Research Paper PNW-163. 13 p.
   • Paper B9 Bosch, J. M. & Hewlett, J. D. (1982) A review of catchment experiments to determine the effect of vegetation change on water yield and evapotranspiration. Journal of Hydrology 55, 3–23.
   
    
3. Forest Practices and Snow
    
   • Paper C10 Wilm, H. G. & Dunford, E. G. (1948) Effect of timber cutting on water available for stream flow from a Lodgepole pine forest. USDA Technical Bulletin no. 968, 43 p.
   • Paper C11 Hoover, M. D. & Leaf, C. F. (1967) Process and significance of interception in Colorado subalpine forest. In: Forest Hydrology (ed. by W. E. Sopper & H. W. Lull), 213–224. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
   • Paper C12 Golding, D. L. & Swanson, R. H. (1986) Snow distribution patterns in clearings and adjacent forest. Water Resources Research 22(13), 1931–1940.
   
    
4. Forest Evapotranspiration
    
   • Paper D13 Swanson, R. H. (1967) Seasonal course of transpiration of Lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. In: Forest Hydrology (ed. by W. E. Sopper & H. W. Lull), 419–434. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
   • Paper D14 Fritschen, L. J., Hsia, J. & Doraiswamy, P. (1977) Evaporation of a Douglas fir determined with a weighing lysimeter. Water Resources Research 13(1), 145–148.
   • Paper D15 Stewart, J. B. & Thom, A. S. (1973) Energy budgets in pine forest. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 99, 154–170.
   • Paper D16 Black, T. A. (1979) Evapotranspiration from Douglas fir stands exposed to soil water deficits. Water Resources Research 15(1), 164–170.
   
    
5. Hydrological Processes and Forests
    
   • Paper E17 Kittredge, J. (1948) Interception and stemflow. In: Forest Influences: The Effects of Woody Vegetation on Climate, Water, and Soil, with Applications to the Conservation of Water and the Control of Floods and Erosion (by J. Kittredge), chapter 11, 99–114. McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
   • Paper E18 Hewlett, J. D. (1961) Soil moisture as a source of base flow from steep mountain watersheds. US Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Station Paper no. 132, 11 p.
   • Paper E19 Richards, J. H. & Caldwell, M. M. (1987) Hydraulic lift: substantial nocturnal water transport between soil layers by Artemisia tridentata roots. Oecologia 73, 486–489.
   • Paper E20 Vogelmann, H. W., Siccama, T., Leedy, D. & Ovitt, D. C. (1968) Precipitation from fog moisture in the Green Mountains of Vermont. Ecology 49(6), 1205–1207
   
    
6. Forests and Water Quality
    
   • Paper F21 Madgwick, H. A. I. & Ovington, J. D. (1959) The chemical composition of precipitation in adjacent forest and open plots. Forestry 32, 14–22.
   • Paper F22 Likens, G. E., Bormann, F. H., Johnson, N. M., Fisher, D. W. & Pierce, R. S. (1970) Effects of forest cutting and herbicide treatment on nutrient budgets in the Hubbard Brook Watershed-Ecosystem. Ecological Monographs 40(1), 23–47.
   • Paper F23 Hornbeck, J. W., Martin, C. W., Pierce, R. S., Bormann, F. H., Likens, G. E. & Eaton, J. S. (1986) Clearcutting northern hardwoods: effects on hydrologic and nutrient ion budgets. Forest Science 32(3), 667–686.
   • Paper F24 Vitousek, P. M., Gosz, J. R., Grier, C. C., Melillo, J. M., Reiners, W. A. & Todd, R. L. (1979) Nitrate losses from disturbed ecosystems. Science 204(May 1979), 469–474.
   • Paper F25 Aubertin, G. M. & Patric, J. H. (1974) Water quality after clearcutting a small watershed in West Virginia. Journal of Environmental Quality 3, 243–249.
   • Paper F26 Brown, G. W. (1969) Predicting temperatures of small streams. Water Resources Research 5(1), 68–75.
   
    
7. Forest Practices and Erosion
    
   • Paper G27 Packer, P. E. (1967) Criteria for designing and locating logging roads to control sediment. Forest Science 13(1), 2–18.
   • Paper G28 Reid, L. M. & Dunne, T. (1984) Sediment production from forest road surfaces. Water Resources Research 20(11), 1753–1761.
   • Paper G29 O’Loughlin, C. O. (1974) The effect of timber removal on the stability of forest soils. Journal of Hydrology (NZ) 13(2), 121–134.